What is the Left-Right Political
Spectrum Supposed to Measure?
by
Chuck McGlawn 08/14/2010 edited 06/08/2020
Dear Reader,
By way of introduction, I would like for you to
know that I am on a quest to recapture, AND I DO MEAN RECAPTURE, the terms
“Right”, “Rightist” and “Right Wing” to mean, the advocacy of less
government, as the article below documents. Just as Left, Leftist, and Left
Wing means the advocacy of more
government. [Strangely there is not as much confusion about the meaning of
Left.]
What is the Left-Right Political Spectrum Supposed to Measure?
by Chuck McGlawn 08/14/2010 edited 06/08/2020
When anyone objects to
the efficacy or speak of the inadequacy of
the Single-Plane Left/Right Political Spectrum, it is because they are
trying to measure something that cannot be measured on a single plane spectrum,
namely values, any values. Especially liberal
and conservative values
A thermometer keeps you aware of the ambient
temperature. The altimeter measures how high you are above sea level. The
pressure gauge measures the pounds per square inch (PSI) in a compressor. A
speedometer measures the speed your vehicle is traveling. All of these are
examples of single plane measuring
devices. All of these single-plane measuring devices have two things in
common. First, each provides the user
with useful information. The temperature outside so you know how to dress,
the speed your car is traveling, and whether or not you are risking a speeding
ticket or an accident, etc. Secondly, they provide ONLY objective information, information that is not affected
by feelings or prejudice or preconceived notions. The thermometer reads 92°,
there is not a place on this single plane spectrum that says, “It is getting
warm”. The speedometer reads 75 MPH there is not a place on this single plane
spectrum that says, “You are risking a speeding ticket”.
Conversely, when a very attractive woman enters
a room, someone whispers to his friend, “A 10 if I have ever seen one”, his
friend replies, “Naaa, no more than an 8.” Is either of them wrong? NO, because
beauty is a subjective value, not chartable on a single plane spectrum,
despite Hollywood’s attempt to the contrary with the movie “10”. Other examples
of subjective values are: “He is bold.” “She is shy.” “He is gregarious.” “She is a
loner.” “He is a rube.” “She is a sophisticate.” These are all subjective
evaluations. The most subjective of all is, “She is liberal.” “He is conservative.” None of
these values have a place on a single plane spectrum. It is simple Physics, a
single person may hold both liberalists often called “leftist” and conservative
often called “rightist” values at the same time, [do you know anyone that
doesn’t?] but he cannot be acting to reduce the size of government and
increasing the size of government with just one candidate or one issue at the
same time.
It is possible, however, for one person to hold:
Liberal Agendas
1. Favor Saving Social Security
2. Oppose a military draft
3. Favor tax-supported preschool
4.
Oppose criminalization of drug use
5. Want employer-paid Family
Leave
Conservative Agendas
And at the same time 6. Support 2nd amendment gun rights
7. Want illegal immigration stopped
8. Want to reduce Foreign Aid
9. Want Internet sex sites blocked
10. Oppose minimum wage increases
11. Oppose same-sex marriage
12. Want to decriminalize prostitution
Using issues 1 through 6, the person is liberal
on five of the six issues. Does that make him a “Leftist”? It
does not, because if you
evaluate this same person, using just issues 7 through 12, the person is a
Conservative five of the six issues. So, does this make him a “Right-Winger? It
does not.
But take a closer look reveals that every odd-numbered agenda
calls for more governmental power.
Additionally, every even-numbered agendas call for decreasing
governmental powers.
The paramount question
and solution to the prevailing confusion in the current usage of left/right is:
What is the Left/Right Political
Spectrum Supposed to Measure? This question is clearly answered by
Murray Rothbard, in two separate articles.[And by many others that preceded and
followed Rothbard.] In The Transformation of the
American Right, first published in Continuum, Summer 1964, pp. 220–231. Murray Rothbard correctly observed,
“The modern American Right began, in
the 1930’s and 1940’s, as a reaction against the New Deal and the Roosevelt
Revolution, and specifically as an
opposition to the critical increase of statism and state intervention…”
(Emphasis added)
According to Dr. Rothbard, the left/right political spectrum
measures the increases in governmental power, especially the power to intervene
into the daily lives of individuals and businesses.
Reinforcement of this concept is found in “Confessions
of a Right-Wing Liberal” published in 1969, Rothbard further observed: “…we
adopted the standard view,”
(Emphasis added) let me repeat “…we adopted the Standard view”,
(Emphasis added) of the political spectrum: “left, meant socialism, or
total power of the state; the further ‘right’ one went the less government one
favored. Hence, we called ourselves extreme rightists." (Emphasis added)
Rothbard’s “standard view”
of the left-right political Spectrum would have looked like this, I have added
some of the major occupants and their relative positions on the chart. (view
fullscreen)
100% government ß-----------------------------------------------------------------------------L---I --B---E--R--T--A--R--I --A-- Nà 0% government.
Left (Totalitarian Communism Socialism
Fascist
Nazi)
Anarchy. Right
Note: Because different Libertarians believe in
different amounts of government, we have spread Libertarianism over the right
end of the chart. [There is no such thing as a left-wing Libertarian.]
Additional confirmation, farther along in the
same article Rothbard said, “Originally, our historical heroes were such men as
[Thomas] Jefferson, [Thomas] Paine, [John]Cobden and [Richard] Bright and
[Herbert] Spencer. As our views became purer and more consistent, we eagerly
embraced such near-anarchists as the voluntarist, Auberon Herbert, and the
American individualist-anarchists, Lysander Spooner and Benjamin R. Tucker.” In other words, as they became “purer” and more
“consistent” in their Libertarians thinking, their heroes were chosen from men who
were closer to anarchy and 0% government on the right end of the Political
Spectrum, that Dr. Rothbard called the “standard view”.
Going back to our
example, when evaluated on all twelve issues our imaginary politico is liberal on
six and conservative on the other six.
It would look like this:
These are all
Left-Wing
Agendas Liberal
or Conservative
1. Favors saving Social Security Liberal
3. Favor tax-supported preschool Liberal
5. Want employer-paid family leave Liberal
7. Want illegal immigration stopped Conservative
9. Want Internet sex sites blocked Conservative
11. Oppose same-sex marriage Conservative
These are all
Right-Wing Agendas All Libertarian
2. Oppose military draft. Libertarian/Liberal
4. Favor legal drugs. Libertarian/Liberal
12 Want legal prostitution. Libertarian/Liberal
6. Support gun rights Libertarian/Conservative
8. Oppose Foreign Aid Libertarian/Conservative
10. Oppose Min. Wage Libertarian/Conservative
This exact person may not exist. However, of the hundreds of
issues that we face every day, it is possible, in fact likely, that one person to
hold at least six liberal views and at least six conservative views at the same
time. That person would not be a Leftist,
he would not be a Rightist, and more
importantly, this person could not even be a Centrist. Therefore, if one person can hold liberal and
conservative issues at the same time then that person cannot be charted on a
left/right political spectrum. Except when he is calling for more government
power, [On those issues he is a right-winger] or when he is calling for more
government [On those issues he is a left-winger.]
This means the terms “Liberal and Left are no longer (as
they once were) almost synonymous. This means the terms Conservative and Right
are no longer (as they once were) almost synonymous. However, it does not change the Left/Right
Political Spectrum. It still measures the power of
government or the degree to which
government makes the decisions for individuals and businesses, or the degree to which individuals and businesses
are free to make their own decisions. Just because Liberals have
changed and now advocate less government
on some issues does not make them left or right. Just because Conservative
has changed and now advocate more
government on some issues does not make them left or right. Because
of these changes, the Left/Right Political Spectrum is a more useful tool today
than it ever was during the Roosevelt Administration.
Now for an eye-opening experience lets revisit the twelve
issues listed above through the filter of Dr. Rothbard’s “…standard view, of the political spectrum: [where] ‘left,’
meant socialism, or total power of the state; [and where] the further ‘right’
one went the less government one favored.” You will note that every odd
numbered agenda in the list, whether it was a Liberal agenda or a Conservative
agenda calls for increases in governmental power, and consequently if adopted
it is a move toward 100% government that
is found on the left end of the Political Spectrum. Likewise, every even
numbered agenda, whether it was a Liberal agenda or a Conservative agenda calls
for decreases in governmental power, and happily a move toward 0% government on the Right end of the Political Spectrum
This also means that on half of the conservative issues that
we are listing here the Conservatives are calling for more government, or more
shockingly a move toward a
communist, socialist or fascist-style totalitarian government.[Could this be a
contributor to the confusion that right-wing is fascist????] Additionally
with half of the liberal issues, we are listing here Liberals are calling for
less government, and a move toward
freedom and liberty on the right end of the political spectrum, toward “extreme rightist”. [Does this mean we incorrectly label liberals anti-liberty
when they are rightist and advocates of Liberty on half of the issues???.]
It looks like this:
Left-Wing Agendas Right-Wing Agendas
Liberal
or Conservative
All Libertarian
1. Favors saving Social Security. Liberal
2. Oppose a military
draft. Libertarian/Liberal
3. Favor tax-supported preschool. Liberal
4. Oppose the criminalization of drugs. Libertarian/Liberal
5. Want employer-paid “Family Leave”. Liberal
6.
Support gun rights. Libertarian/Conservative
7. Want illegal immigration stopped. Conservative
8. Opposed to foreign aid. Libertarian/Conservative
9. Want internet sex sites blocked. Conservative
10.Oppose
Min. wages. Libertarian/Conservative
11. Oppose same-sex marriage. Conservative
12.Want legal prostitution. Libertarian/Liberal
This should not come as a surprise.
If we were not so busy studying economics, or so deeply involved in our own
special agenda, or if you were not so busy just trying to keep our head above
water, if we just had the time to stop and think about it, we would have
noticed a trend, that all governmental
powers were at one time individual
rights. If you had the right to do it
then the government did not have the power to prevent it. Once the government has the power to prevent it you no longer have
the right to do it. Here are
some examples of it:
§ Until Feb. 3, 1913, individuals had the right to spend, save, invest or give
100%, of the money they earned, and the National Government did not have the power to take any of the money
individuals earned. On that date, the 16th amendment to the US
Constitution was declared ratified. Thereafter the National Government had the power over some portion of an
individual’s income, and the individual no longer had the unfettered right to spend, save, invest or give
100% of his/her income. Notice how your individual right was converted into a
National Governmental power.
§ Until Jan. 16, 1920, individuals and companies
had the right to manufacture, sell
and transport intoxicating liquors. And the National Government did not have
the power to stop individuals and
companies from manufacturing, selling, and transporting intoxicating liquors.
The ratification of the 18th amendment converted the individuals and
companies right to manufacture, sell, and transport intoxicating liquors into a National Governmental power to prohibit individuals and
companies from manufacturing, selling and transporting intoxicating liquors.
Again, an individual right becomes a National Government power.
§ Until Jan.1, 1971 cigarette companies had the right to advertise cigarettes on
television and radio. And the National Government didn’t have the power to prevent cigarette companies
from advertising on TV and radio. After Jan.1971, by simple legislative action
cigarette companies’ right to
advertise on TV and radio had been converted into a National Governmental power to dictate cigarette companies
advertising privileges. (Please note, the first two examples required a
Constitutional Amendment to convert the rights
of the individuals or companies into powers
of the National Government. However, by 1971 the American people had become so
conditioned to the concept that it was government’s job to solve problems the
amendment to the Constitution process was no longer necessary, and changes
could be made by simple legislative action. [As of 2014 the Executive branch
can simply decree changes.]
Every new power
of government and the corresponding loss of an individual right is a move toward the left end of the Political Spectrum,
because, at some time along that continuum all
rights will be gone and the government will be all-powerful, and “Totalitarian”. That is what the left/right political
spectrum was devised to track. It tracks the power of government or the degree to which government makes the
decisions for individuals and businesses, or the degree to which individuals and businesses are free to make their own
decisions.
Conversely, if the Liberty Movement successfully ended the IRS,
then the government would lose the power
over any portion of your income and you would have the right to choose how your income was to be used. If we eliminated
all minimum wage laws, then the National Government would lose the power to dictate labor prices, and
individuals and businesses would have the right
to hire or be hired at the market price. If all national taxes that were not
used by the DC Government to protect life liberty property were repealed we
would have a DC Government that was functioning within it proper scope. As we
successfully accomplished these individual steps, we would be moving the nation
toward the right end of the spectrum. Because at some time along that continuum, [and we are not necessarily
recommending it] we would arrive at Anarchy.
My slam-dunk here is when you look a little more closely at
the twelve issues we covered please note, how all of the odd-numbered agendas
require the initiation of force.
In conclusion, Liberals have adopted and co-opted parts of
the Libertarian Platform of NOT initiating FORCE to accomplish
social and political goals and Conservatives have also adopted and co-opted
the other parts of the Libertarian Platform of NOT initiating FORCE
to accomplish social and political goals.
But the only political party that adheres to the right-wing
advocacy of less governmental power and the Philosophy of Liberty is the
Libertarians.